The Social Strata of the Timurid Era Who had the Right to Possession of “Siorghal” and Their Privileges

“Siorghal” was a type of land assignment in the Timurid era, which was given in hereditary by the sultan or the ruler in exchange for military services to relatives, dependents and loyal army commanders, and then to state officials, clerics, etc. Due to having some privileges at the beginning of the Timurid era, the Siorghamishis (owners of Siorghals) quickly became a superior political power compared to their rivals, in such a way that Shahrukh, the second Timurid sultan, made changes in the way of handing over and the privileges of Siorghals.   The main question of the current article is: why Siorghal was given to different classes but in smaller sizes since Shahrukh's era? The results of this research show that the tribal ties dominating the political structure of the Timurid government at the beginning caused Timur to give Siorghal mainly to the military-tribal elite during his world expansion. However, Shahrukh's reign was a period of transition from a tribal structure to an urban structure, so it was necessary to make changes in the political and economic structure. As a result, until the end of Timurid era, on the one hand, the amount of Siorghal lands of military commanders was reduced, and on the other hand, a wide range of religious, administrative, and artist classes were placed in the ranks Siorghamishis by granting lands, albeit with a smaller area.  In this article, the descriptive-analytical research method has been used by arranging the research data in the form of statistical tables.