Planning of Hybrid System Including Sources and Storages Based on Electrical and Thermal Energies

Simultaneous consumption of electrical and thermal energy, together with economic and technical advantages of close-to-consumption feeding of consumers, has demonstrated the importance of multi-carrier energy systems planning in recent years. Therefore, in this paper, the planning of an islanded hybrid system (IHS) with renewable energy sources (RESs), combined heat and power system (CHP), boiler, electric and thermal energy storage systems (ESSs) to provide clean energy for electric and thermal consumers is presented. The proposed design is responsible for minimizing the total weighted annual operating costs and pollution consumption of the system. The problem is then subjected to the planning-operation constraints and modeling the RESs and ESSs. The proposed problem is in the form of mixed-integer nonlinear programming. Therefore, in order to obtain the optimal solution with a low standard deviation error, the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is developed in this paper. The novelties of this paper include the extraction of the IHS with electric and thermal sources and ESSs, and provision of clean energy to the electrical and thermal consumers. Finally, by implementing the proposed design on the actual data of Rafsanjan city in Iran and investigating the numerical results, the ability of design to obtain the optimal hybrid combination of RESs and ESSs to supply electric and thermal consumers from an economic and environmental point of view is confirmed.