A Comparative Study of Sabahi Bidgoli's Composition "The Lament of Imam Hoseyn (AS)" and Mohtasham Kashani's Composition Based on Semantic Deviation

The norm is the method accepted by the majority of society, and deviation is avoidance of the method. Deviation or defamiliarization is a topic raised in formal criticism and is one of the contemporary literary theories. Contemporary linguists and theoreticians have introduced various types of deviation, of which semantic deviation is one of the most common, used to convey artistic messages to the audience. Sabahi Bidgoli wrote a composition in the mourning of Imam Hoseyn (AS) following Mohtasham Kashani, which shows his expertise in depicting and creating innovative scenes. One of the prominent features of this composition is the technical and artistic use of semantic deviation, literary arrays, fictional images, and rhetorical elements such as similes, metaphors, irony, and rhetorical techniques. In this research, while examining the semantic defamiliarization in the above-mentioned composition and expressing its beauty, we compare it with Mohtsham's and point out some similarities and differences between these two works.