Analysis of Public Service Dispersion Pattern Based on Spatial Justice Approach the Case Study of Jahrom City

Injustice can increase the distance between people, businesses, and public services. In order to realize the concept of social justice, public services must be distributed in such a way as to facilitate the needs of socially disadvantaged communities. The current research has been carried out with the aim of leveling deprived and privileged areas from the point of view of the distribution of urban services and identifying the spatial pattern of distribution of public services at the level of urban areas of Jahrom. The research method is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of purpose. The study's statistical population is the four districts of Jahrom city. The desired indicators are health-therapeutic, commercial, educational, urban facilities and equipment, green space, sports, tourism, and cultural-religious land uses. In order to investigate the distribution quantity situation in the four districts of the city, three models of TOPSIS, VIKOR, and COPRAS were exerted. Accordingly, Districts 1 and 2 ranked first with a score of 0.46, District 4 ranked second with a score of 0.41, and District 3 ranked third with a score of 0.36 regarding the distribution of urban services. In the second step, to check the quality of distribution, using Moran's I statistic, it was determined that the justice in the quality of distribution in Jahrom city is completely opposite to the justice in the quantity of distribution. Moreover, the areas with a density of services are placed next to each other in a cluster pattern. Finally, by analyzing the map of clusters and non-clusters at the city level, it was determined that public services in Jahrom follow the center-periphery model. In such a way that the clusters of public services are concentrated in the middle part, with the dominance of cold clusters (commercial, sports, tourism, and cultural-religious), and as we move from the center area to the periphery of the city, we see a decrease in the clusters of public services.