Explaining the requirements for using the public-private-people partnership model in balanced distribution of Mashhad urban tourism benefits and services

The unbalanced distribution of spatial potentials of Mashhad city tourism among actors and the lack of optimal participation of citizens in tourism projects has affected the spatial distribution of tourism services in Mashhad. The first purpose of this study is to explain the effects of unbalanced distribution of benefits among actors on the spatial distribution of city tourism services. The second purpose is to identify the factors that exacerbate the unbalanced distribution of interests among actors and the third purpose is to identify the basic requirements needed to adjust the existing conditions within the framework of the public-private-people partnership model.

Design/methodology/approach:

 In the present study, the research method is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The study of the spatial distribution of tourism services in the city of Mashhad is based on a quantitative method by using the data of the Mashhad city database. Also, explaining the effects of unbalanced distribution of benefits among tourism actors on the spatial distribution of tourism services in Mashhad and identifying the basic requirements for using the 4P model is based on a qualitative method by using semi-structured interviews with actors aware of spatial developments in Mashhad.

The unbalanced distribution of interests among city tourism actors in Mashhad has intensified the unbalanced spatial distribution of tourism services in this city.

Balanced distribution of interests among Mashhad actors in the framework of 4P model components, can attract more actors, pave the way for balanced distribution of city tourism spatial benefits and balanced development of tourism services around all the tourist attractions of Mashhad.

Originality/value:

 Explaining the requirements of applying the 4P model in Mashhad in order to adjust the unbalanced distribution of spatial benefits of urban tourism is one of the most important innovations of the present research.