An exploration of semantic deviations in Nahj al-Balagha

Highlighting is a concept that was formed before World War II in the Prague school under the influence of Russian formalists, and they called it one of the factors that created literary language. This theory expresses the unconventional use of language tricks, in order to remove the dust of habit from the minds of the audience and make linguistic elements and functions appear fresh and new. Highlighting deviations from standard language; When a linguistic element is used contrary to the usual and attracts the attention of the audience. Nahj-ul-Balagha is, without a doubt, after the Holy Qur'an, the most precious Islamic heritage and reference, a charter of human development, a window to divine light and a path to the Kingdom of God. Therefore, this article tries to examine the text of Nahj al-Balagha from the point of view of highlighting and show the extent to which the Amir of the Faithful, Ali (A.S.) benefited from language possibilities and techniques of creating beauty. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and aims to show examples of semantic norm avoidance in some enlightening passages of this noble book in order to adapt the theory of formalists to the language of Nahj al-Balagha and finally to reflect the effect of this in the discovery The meaning of Maqsood and the acquisition of pleasure should be observed more. Among the types of semantic deviation, simile has the most cases; So that this is found in most of the sayings of Imam (a.s.). Irony, metaphor and permission are in the next ranks.