The Effectiveness of Philosophy for Children Program (P4C) and metacognitive skills on Improving Academic Performance and Social Adjustment of Divorced students

The purpose of this research was to effectiveness of Philosophy for Children Program (P4C) and metacognitive skills on Improving Academic Performance and Social Adjustment of Divorced students. Method of the study is half trial pre-exam after the test with the control group. The statistical population of this research included all children of divorce in the elementary school of Malek Abad city in 2022- 2023 academic year . Among the elementary schools of this city, Mahdeyh school has been selected as an example.Then the California Test Personality " social adjustment" (Clark et al., 1953) and the Educational Performance Test (Dartaj, 2013) were administered as a pre-test for both groups. At the end of this course, both groups completed the above questionnaires as a post-test. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that the combined teaching of philosophy for children and the teaching of metacognitive skills improves the academic performance of elementary school students and increases their adaptability and tolerance. Therefore, paying attention to the effectiveness of teaching philosophy through collaborative research and metacognitive skills on the social adjustment and academic performance of divorced students is of particular importance.