Effects of Vermicompost Application and Moringa Extract on Growth Responses, Yield and Bioactive Compounds in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Soil fertility management plays a crucial role in agricultural production. Vermicompost and moringa extract are organic compounds that can enhance soil conditions and improve the productivity and efficiency of crops. This study aimed to examine the impact of vermicomposting and foliar application of moringa extract on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of red and white cabbage under field conditions. Before transplanting, vermicompost was added to the soil at rates of 0, 0.5, and 1 kg/m2. Moringa extract was sprayed on the plants every 14 days at concentrations of 0, 10, and 20 g/l. The growth characteristics and bioactive compound content of cabbage were evaluated at the commercial maturity stage. The results showed that applying 1 kg/m2 of vermicompost resulted in an 8% increase in head diameter, a 28% increase in cabbage weight, and a 39% increase in crop yield. Additionally, using 20 g/l of moringa extract led to a 2% increase in head diameter and a 12% increase in weight and yield of cabbage. The use of vermicompost and moringa extract also increased the flavonoid content in red cabbage. The highest levels of bioactive compounds were achieved with the application of 1 kg/m2 of vermicompost and 20 g/l of moringa extract. These treatments are recommended as effective strategies for promoting cabbage growth and enhancing bioactive compound content, particularly in hot and dry conditions.