Study on the Effect of Different Non-ionic Surfactants on the Efficiency of the Extraction Process of Natural Dyes Using the Ultrasonic Method and Dyeing Characteristics of Wool Yarn

The extraction process is very important in separating and purifying dye components from the natural plants. Various extraction methods have been used to obtain valuable natural compounds. Compared to the traditional extraction method, each has advantages, including less solvent consumption, shorter time, and less environmental pollution. This research studied the effect of non-ionic surfactants at various initial concentrations in extracting natural colorants from madder, weld, and walnut.</em> </em>The results showed that using surfactants improved the amount of extracted colored compounds in the extraction process. The efficiency of the extraction process in the presence of each surfactant is diverse due to the different color compounds in each colorant used. The extraction process of weld natural dye has been improved by 60 % in the presence of Keol surfactant. Also, the color strength of dyed wool yarns in the presence of surfactants has increased by 30-44 % compared to the control dyed sample (without surfactants). The results of this research clearly show that it is possible to use non-ionic surfactants to improve the extraction efficiency, color strength, and better leveling of the natural dyes on the wool yarn.