Identifying and investigating the effective components in the design of therapeutic residental centers for children with disabilities (EB)with a contextual approach, case example: charitable organization supporting special skin diseas, (EB House, Teh

Butterfly disease is the result of genetic mutation and mostly family marriages that have thin skin and deep wounds, which has affected their daily life. This disease requires special spaces due to skin care. In the conducted research, it has been shown that by keeping the ambient temperature cool, it is possible to help reduce pain inflammation, unfortunately, there is no such space for these patients that suits their mental and physical needs. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors influencing the design of residential treatment centers for children with disabilities and the role of the context-oriented approach in the design of residential treatment centers. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors influencing the design of residential treatment centers for children with disabilities and the role of the context-oriented approach in the design of residential treatment centers. In this research, a descriptive-analytical method was used to investigate the effective components, and then a quantitative method and a questionnaire tool were used. Determining the sample size, 274 questionnaires have been provided to the patients. Effective components were analyzed using SPSS software. In this article, factors such as historical, cultural, physical, and climate have been examined, and the most effective components are physical and climatic factors. According to the conducted researches, the current research indicates that children are very interested in the design of the space in which they are located, and paying attention to physical, climatic, historical and cultural factors leads to the child's interaction with the therapeutic residential space and reducing pain inflammation. Epidermolysis (butterfly disease) is a group of rare genetic skin diseases that affects one out of every 20,000 live births. skin from two layers; which is called the outer layer of the epidermis and the inner layer of the dermis. Normally, there are protein molds made of collagen between the two layers, which prevents them from moving independently of each other. In people with EB, this double laayer lacks protein material, and any action that causes friction (such as rubbing or pressure) on the skin causes blisters and painful wounds. Contextualism is a method that deals with site interaction, Webster's architecture. Symptoms of Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB)This disease is divided into the following three categories:1- Simple or (simplex) 2-severe (dystrophic) 3-JunctionalIn fact, each of these categories are divided into different types and different symptoms may be seen in them.The general symptoms of this disease are usually seen as follows.1- Hoarseness and breathing problems such as snoring and persistent coughing 2- Blisters are seen on the face, especially around the nose and eyes 3- Food sensitivities 4- The appearance of milia on the skin, which are small white spots. 5-There are problems in swallowing because the blisters around the mouth and throat become annoying. 6- The skin blisters after a change in temperature or minor damage.7- Oral and dental problems such as tooth decay8- Changing the appearance of nails or losing themContext-oriented architects are trying to find the positive points of each site and use them in their design. Contextualism is a type of architecture that responds to the specific conditions of its environment. In fact, the general context is integrated, which means the parts of the different components of the building. In this type of architecture, one must first know the environment accurately and find a suitable answer for a better combination of the building with the context. Among the principles that should be paid attention to in designing with a contextual approach are: economic, historical, cultural, social characteristics and the people who use the building. Urban features: passages, squares, streets, shops, climatic conditions: forest, cold, heat, desert, the way of life of building residents, their needs, their habits, how they use them in relation to the environmental forms of life. Context-oriented architecture emphasizes the necessity of paying attention to the environment surrounding the architectural work and believes that the balance between architecture and the environment can be an effective and strengthening factor for both the work itself and the context. Contextualism is a model for creating a more desirable environment, therefore, more knowledge and deeper understanding of context and environment is necessary and inevitable for architects and designers. Context-oriented architecture is an attempt to show the power of the desired visual environment on a larger scale than architecture. The message of context-oriented architecture is the need to pay attention to the physical environment surrounding the architectural work.