Analysis of unstable geopolitics role in the political economy of Iran

The current research seeks to investigate the unstable geopolitics around Iran affecting the national economy. Factors such as the geopolitical situation, being located at a crossroads, surrounded by arid semi-desert territories, the security concerns of neighboring countries, and the various internal conflicts during successive centuries, have put the country instability of national security and deprived the country's economic development that requires stability and sustainability and security-oriented thinking in governance has been one of the constant concerns of Iran's rulers from the distant past to the last two centuries. The research method is descriptive-analytical and collecting required data for writing and analysis is based on library research utilizing valid domestic and international references and texts. Findings reveal that the Iranian economy for centuries, especially during the three periods of Qajar, Pahlavi, and the Islamic Republic, has been involved in a fundamental and ongoing problem called unstable geopolitics in and out of its territory and the government has not been able to build lasting security in the country. The lack of lasting security and the inability of governments to overcome it has caused great economic and political costs for the country so far. Although Iran has always faced the geopolitical challenge of surrounding insecurity and various internal conflicts, this challenge has barricaded forming desirable conditions for the national economy during the last two centuries when countries were busy building their national economy. It can be said that the main challenge of Iran yesterday and today is the domination of the security discourse over the economic discourse, a vital issue for the country's development process.