The Realm of Political System Structure in the Quran

The realm of political system structure in the Quran is analyzed from two perspectives: the internal aspect, which involves the viewpoints of Shiite scholars and jurists regarding the internal realm of the political system structure. This perspective spans a spectrum from minimalistic to maximalistic interpretations. Accordingly, the realm of divine and absolute governance encompasses both the public and private domains. However, the realm of non-divine governance (the Guardianship of the Jurist during the Occultation period) is limited to the public sphere and political matters. The second perspective pertains to the external realm, determining the external scope of the political system structure. This is dependent on a correct analysis of principles such as the comprehensive Islamic worldview, the responsibility of every Muslim for the destiny of other Muslims, the influence of the political system on human destiny, and the semantic understanding of the term 'ard' (land) in Quranic verses. Through inferential thematic interpretation based on Quranic verses, this study concludes that the external realm of the political system structure in the Quran encompasses the entire world, as the practical implementation of religious laws necessitates a global government with worldwide jurisdiction. However, until the full realization of the global government, the allocation of territory to a nation or country is recognized in Quranic verses as an acknowledgment of the earthly sovereignty of nations.