Identifying factors affecting digital formative evaluation in e-learning and teaching based on the transcendental method

The lack of correct mechanisms of assessment and evaluation of education in e-learning has caused managers to implement fleeting strategies and programs with additional costs. This is the result of the lack of proper identification of evaluation components in e-learning and training, and the digital formative evaluation process helps e-learning and training management systems to adopt appropriate strategies and apply the digital formative evaluation process to meet the main objective of learning, despite various models and frameworks in the field of e-learning and training so far no comprehensive model has been presented. It is necessary to consider the multiple dimensions of academic assessment and evaluation as an integrated one for achieving the same truly evaluation for learning. In this paper, in order to explain a comprehensive model, by systematic review of literature and using meta-classical qualitative research method, all dimensions of digital formative evaluation have been identified, then the level of importance and firstly, The nature of each of the effective factors has been determined based on the method of content analysis using Shannon's quantitative entropy method, so that this research has innovation in both methodology and results.