Sociological Approach to The Role of Parties in the Revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya

Today, social movements have become one of the important tools for pursuing people's demands; And parties are one of the most influential factors of cohesion and organization to popular demands. The recent revolutions in Arab countries are a clear example of these movements. These revolutions took place in a situation where in all three countries, popular calls and protests were spontaneous and without leadership or organization from the parties. The purpose of the current research is why the parties did not have an effective and important role in the revolutionary developments of the three countries of Tunisia, Egypt and Libya?

The present article is a descriptive-analytical research and the collection method is based on library information.

On the eve of the revolution, the political systems of Tunisia, Egypt and Libya were republics with lifelong presidents, which in principle were not much different from monarchical systems. In these systems, not only were there no democratic institutions such as active parties, popular participation in the political and economic spheres, as well as the accountability of the state institution, but all the features of dictatorial systems were seen in them. Hence, in all three countries, widespread popular protests took place without any leadership or group organization, which eventually led to the collapse of the ruling political systems in these countries.

Studies show that according to the political sociology before the revolutions in these three countries and for the reasons discussed in the article; The parties have not played an effective role in the formation of the revolution in the mentioned countries; But they were present in the conditions after the revolution and in the political categories after that.