Oxidative stress and peri-implantitis: The role of oxidants and antioxidants

Peri-implantitis is the main cause of implant failure and is associated with augmented oxidative stress or tissue destruction. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant balance parameters in individuals with peri-implantitis, considering the clinical findings and the control group. Peri-implantitis (n = 30) and healthy (n = 30) individuals participated in the study. Peri-implant clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW), were recorded. The levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and arylesterase (ARE) in saliva were examined. To identify the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and clinical parameters was used Spearman’s correlation coefficient. TOC values were higher in peri-implantitis, and they correlated with BoP, GI, PD, and PI (P = 0.004, r = 0.370; P = 0.010, r = 0.328; P = 0.038, r = 0.268; P = 0.007, r = 0.342, respectively). TAC values were higher in healthy and correlated with PI, BoP, and GI (P = 0.021, r = -0.297; P = 0.035, r = -0.273; P = 0.012, r = -0.321, respectively). OSI showed a negative correlation with the KMW (mm) (P = 0.046, r = -0.259). Increased TOC and decreased TAC and ARE activity could be predictors of peri-implantitis development. Adequate KMW is important in the production of antioxidants.