Examining the meanings of parts of words in idioms, proverbs and popular beliefs in Persian language with a cognitive approach

Considering the importance of conceptualizing the parts of words in the form of corporeality theory in linguistics, the present article discusses the multiple meanings of parts of words (head, hair, ears, lips, throat, neck, stomach, chest, nail, leg, tongue, knee, shoulder, mouth, rib, tooth, nose, eye, blood, liver, chin, forehead, skin, beard, breast, armpit, finger, heart, arm, hand) in idioms and proverbs Persian has been paid.

To carry out this research in 2010, idioms and proverbs were collected from the books of Kuche Shamalu, Farhan Farhang Amianeh Abul Hasan Najafi, Farhang Sokhan, Farhang Moein, Proverbs and Rule of Dehkhoda, and Farhang Kenayat Mansour Servat, and based on this corpus, Different meanings of words were extracted and analyzed.

It was found that the part of the word "heart" with the number of 269 out of 2010 uses in proverbs with the highest frequency and the parts of the word "arm" and "thumb" with the number of 1 and 2 with the lowest frequency of the whole use of the part of the word They have s in proverbs.

The organ of the word "heart" as the seat of various feelings, emotions and desires such as love and affection, dependence and attachment, affection and kindness, compassion, honesty, regret, discomfort, resentment, anxiety and worry, cruelty and callousness, fear of The work is done. In addition, cognitive processes such as metaphor and permission and cultural knowledge are important factors in the generation of meaning.