Allāma Jafari’s View on the Nature of Action and its Confrontation with the main Challenges of Causalism

The philosophy of action is a trend in contemporary philosophy that has a close relationship with the fields of philosophy of mind, ethics and human sciences, and the pursuit of its issues about human action and what it is will have implications for the scientific and philosophical discussions of these different fields. Despite the extent of the discussion of action in the history of Islamic thought, the study of Allameh Jafari's works shows that few Muslim thinkers like him have analyzed human action in detail. Realizing the necessity of this discussion for human sciences, Allameh has followed this issue and during his discussions, he has examined the points that are important for the philosophy of action today. In Jafari's theory of action, action is introduced from the category of action (or, in other words, event) and its attribution to the human "I" has a special place. Also, Jafari considers the three components of will, decision and discretion as the means of "I" to realize action, among which the component of discretion is considered the most important component. Finally, the action is defined based on the causal relationship between these components with the human soul, psyche and body in such a way that the basic action is the movement of the soul and after that, the change in the psyche and then the nervous system of the body.