Fabrication and analysis of nano-hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] composites with collagen derived from eggshells through freeze-drying

This study aims to know how to composite hydroxyapatite-collagen by freeze-drying method, and the characterization of hydroxyapatite-collagen composites using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Hydroxyapatite nanocrystals are synthesized using the precipitation method by reacting CaO and (NH4)2HPO4 and the freeze-drying method in composite manufacturing by reacting hydroxyapatite nanocrystals with collagen. The results showed that hydroxyapatite nanocrystals can be composite with collagen using the freeze-drying method, and the results of characterization of XRD, FTIR, and SEM hydroxyapatite-collagen composites show the formation of chemical bonds between hydroxyapatite and collagen. The XRD spectrum of HAp-Collagen shows a peak at 2θ 10.45°, showing a physically formed composite. FTIR characterization shows the presence of absorption bands PO43- and OH- from HA, slight wavenumber shifts also occur in C-H, C-N, N-H, and C=O groups which are characteristic of collagen, this indicates that composites are formed physically. SEM characterization shows HAp is perfectly deposited into collagen molecules.