Evaluation the effects of oncolytic Coxsackievirus A21 on the colorectal cancer mouse model

According to numerous studies, colorectal cancer will probably become more common over the next few decades. This phenomenon causes by population growth, ageing, and rising rates of crucial risk factors from people's lifestyle, such as idleness and malnutrition. The approach of Surgery to remove malignancies is typically the first step of colon cancer treatment. There may also be a recommendation for additional therapies like chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, there is always a need to develop novel cancer treatment strategies due to drug resistance and lack of targeted approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oncolytic Coxsackievirus A21 on the colorectal cancer mouse model.

Colorectal cancer mouse modelling was carried out by injecting 5×106 CT-26 cells (a colonic carcinoma cell line) into the left flank of female BALB/c mice. After noticing the palpable tumor, proceed to treat them with oncolytic Coxsackievirus A21 (106 TCID50/ml, twice at one-week interval). The mice in each group were put to death ten days after the last therapy to assess the efficacy of the treatment.

The present study results demonstrated that treatment with Coxsackievirus A21 increased the level of NO production, LDH, and IFN-γ levels and significantly reduced the secretion of IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β in compared with control group.

In our mouse model of colorectal cancer, the Coxsackievirus A21 therapy encouraged favorable outcomes. The current study also showed that inducing innate anti-tumor immunity, which was more potent than that seen with monotherapy, and immune deviation from anti-inflammatory cytokines (like IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β) to pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ might contribute to the beneficial effects of the combination.