Review and comparison of clitic in Russian and Persian languages

The word "clitic" refers to the dependent unit, that depends phonologically on another word or phrase, which is the interface between bound and free morphemes, exists in all languages ​​of the world, and can be divided into types of proclitic, enclitic and endoclitic. In this article, the types of clitic in Persian and Russian languages ​​have been studied and compared with each other, and the similarities and differences between them have been expressed based on the analytical-descriptive method. According to the findings of Iranian linguists, nine enclitics and one proclitic are recognizable in Persian and there is no endoclitic in this language, but in addition to the existence of several endoclitics in Russian, the number of enclitics and proclitics in this language is more than their number in Persian. Many prepositions in Russian are proclitics, but none of the Persian prepositions are proclitics. The reason for this is the different types of stress in these two languages, because prepositions and conjunctions in Persian have stress, but many prepositions, especially monosyllabic prepositions, in Russian do not have stress or their stress depend on the nearby word and are considered a proclitic.