Types of Divine Supervision and Its Goals in Political Sermons of Nahj al-Balaghah

The concept of divine supervision is one of the essential topics that has a fundamental application in humanities and the foundations of epistemology. In the political and religious sermons of Nahj al-Balaghah, attention has been paid to the concept of divine supervision and its types. Therefore, the present study uses the descriptive-analytical method to investigate the types of divine supervision and its various words in the political sermons of Nahj al-Balaghah. In this review, an attempt will be made to analyze and recover the different types and areas of divine supervision according to the space and socio-cultural structure of this sermon; finally, what authors obtained from this analysis is that Imam Ali (AS) in Nahj al-Balaghah presented divine supervision from a dual perspective. First is public supervision, which includes God's supervision over all humans, and the other is God's special supervision, which is dedicated to rulers, agents, and politicians. These supervisions are expressed with specific goals and vocabulary in these sermons. In the end, a comparison is made between supervision in Nahj al-Balaghah and the 360-degree feedback process.