The Mediating Role of Psychological and Situational Gains and Losses in the relationship between Expectations and Values with Academic Motivation

This research aimed to investigate The Mediating Role of Psychological and Situational Gains and Losses in the relationship between Expectations and Values with Academic Motivation. This research was descriptive correlation and path analysis. The study community included all high school students of Qorveh City in 2019-2020, among them 384 students were selected as samples by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research questionnaires included the expectancy-value-cost Scale (EVCS - 2014), the Academic Motivation Scale (HEMS - 1980), the Psychological Gains and Losses Scale (PGLS - 2022), and the Situational Gains and Losses Scale (SGLS - 2022). path analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that Expectations and Values have a significant effect on Academic Motivation (P<0.001), and Psychological and Situational Gains and Losses have a significant effect on Academic Motivation (P<0.001. Also, the results revealed that Expectations and Values have an indirect effect on Academic Motivation through the mediation of Psychological and Situational Gains and Losses (P<0.001). The fit index also showed that the default model has a good fit. Thus, it can be said that by creating expectations in students, it is possible to help increase academic motivation.