Evaluation and design of forward-reverse logistics supply chain network of Shiraz biogas power plant

Since the beginning of the 21st century, about 80% of the world's energy is supplied by fossil fuels. The problems caused by the environmental pollutants resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels and the reduction of fossil fuel reserves have drawn a lot of attention to renewable energy sources and other low-carbon and cheap energy sources for electricity generation. For this reason, in this article, Shiraz biogas power plant has been investigated. In this study, in order to investigate the economic and environmental aspects of the Shiraz waste incinerator biogas plant, reverse-forward logistics was used by GAMS software, where the products from the lower levels of the supply chain are returned to the higher levels and due to cost reduction Increasing profits, increasing customer satisfaction and complying with environmental laws are very important. The results showed that the theoretical methane produced from the digestion process is 27.35% and the high and low calorific value of biogas is 22.32 and 20.11 megajoules per cubic meter, respectively. For 18 generators with an input mass flow rate of each generator of 888.57 kg per day and a residence time of 9.57 days, the biogas produced will be 3949.326 cubic meters per day, the power obtained assuming high power and low calorific value of the fuel in The power plant will be 357/09 and 321/809 kW. The results of the examination of the economic and environmental function showed that as the amount of the economic objective function increases, the profit of the chain increases,