mohammad sharifi

Tehran, one of the largest and most populous cities in Iran, grapples with significant solid waste management challenges. The increasing population and the huge amount of waste generation necessitate robust and efficient waste management systems. Recognizing that effective waste management planning hinges on understanding the types and quantities of waste produced, this research delves into a quantitative and qualitative analysis of Tehran's solid waste. It also assesses the current state of Tehran's waste management system. By employing the LandGEM software, the study quantifies the methane and other pollutant emissions from the Aradkuh landfill between 2012 and 2021. Moreover, two energy recovery scenarios (sanitary landfill and incineration) are modeled to estimate energy generation potential and pollutant emissions over a ten-year period. The findings reveal that organic and food waste constitutes a substantial portion of Tehran's waste stream. Despite their potential for recovery and energy generation, these materials are predominantly landfilled without energy recovery, leading to the release of over 6,000 tons of methane and other pollutants into the atmosphere. Conversely, the analysis indicates that implementing sanitary landfill and incineration technologies could generate 459 and 468 kiloWatt-hours of energy per ton of waste, respectively, while preventing the release of over 90% of the greenhouse gases currently emitted from landfills.

Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste is a significant urban solid waste issue arising from the construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings and infrastructure. This study focused on the optimal location for C&D waste disposal in Yazd, a rapidly developing city facing challenges related to urban waste management. The flat desert landscape of the area had become a common site for both legal and illegal dumping, leading to unsightly scenes and environmental consequences, including the influx of fine-grained materials into the city from floods and winds. Through a combination of library and field studies, we identified 20 critical criteria for locating C&D waste disposal sites, including distance from residential areas, water sources, land use, and soil conditions. These criteria were processed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to create layered information for analysis. The TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making technique was then applied to prioritize potential landfill sites. Findings indicated that proximity to residential centers and water sources were crucial in the short term, while long-term considerations included the impact of wind and drainage patterns. The northeastern areas of Yazd were identified as the most suitable places for C&D waste disposal, with 4 legal sites—Shehneh, Kholdebarin, Gawd-e-Mahmoudi, and Kouhistan park area—scoring the highest based on the evaluation. The results underscored the need for effective waste management strategies to minimize environmental pollution and enhance urban aesthetics. Future research could explore the application of this model in other regions facing similar challenges.

Liposarcoma, a malignant tumor originating from fat cells, is a rare occurrence in the retroperitoneal region. Surgical resection is the standard method for treating this cancer. This type of tumor is classified into common subtypes, which include well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma.
A 53-year-old male patient presented with lower left quadrant (LLQ) pain and melena for two weeks. Further diagnostic evaluation, including colonoscopy, revealed a 50 mm polyp in the hepatic flexure or distal of the ascending colon. The pathological assessment of the mass demonstrated a lipomatous lesion with a nuclear atypical lipomatous tumor, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated liposarcoma. The patient underwent surgical treatment and was discharged following his recovery. Liposarcoma, a malignant tumor originating from fat cells, is a rare occurrence in the retroperitoneal region. Surgical resection is the standard method for treating this cancer. This type of tumor is classified into common subtypes, which include well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma. A 53-year-old male patient presented with lower left quadrant (LLQ) pain and melena for two weeks. Further diagnostic evaluation, including colonoscopy, revealed a 50 mm polyp in the hepatic flexure or distal of the ascending colon. The pathological assessment of the mass demonstrated a lipomatous lesion with a nuclear atypical lipomatous tumor, which was diagnosed as well-differentiated liposarcoma. The patient underwent surgical treatment and was discharged following his recovery.

Cognitive semantics considers language as a part of human cognitive ability that can explain the imagined world of man. Physical experiences are an important factor for the formation of concepts in the mind. One of the main theories in this field is image schemas (container, path, force), which are among the most important mechanisms for understanding the hidden concepts of the Qur’an and a tool for analyzing its meanings. In the current research, using the descriptive-analytical method and collecting information in a library method, the concepts of Surah Hashr with the mechanism of image schemas are investigated in order to clarify the effect and application of various Image schemas in conceptualizing the themes of the verses on the audience. Concepts obtained from image schemas are helpful in the thematic interpretation of the Qur'an. The findings in the Surah of Hashr showed that the concepts of punishment in the hereafter, lesson, Qur'an, poverty, etc., with the path schema and hell, stubbornness, heart, belief, envy, etc., with the container schema and disbelief, faith, leaving greed, appreciation, etc., with the force schema, It is also used to express poverty in the form of path and force schemas, and the Qur'an in the form of path and container schemas. The results show that all three types of schemas are used in this surah, and the container schema has the highest frequency and the force schema has the lowest frequency.

This study investigates wellbore storage changes through well testing data before and after acidizing one of the wells in the southern region of Iran. The findings reveal that acidizing creates a highly permeable yet limited zone, transforming the wellbore storage behavior from constant to variable. The constant storage effect of 0.014 bbl/psi decreased to a final variable storage value of 0.0024 bbl/psi. The analysis includes pressure derivative plots and compares the well’s behavior before and after acidizing, providing physical interpretations based on the well’s modified conditions. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for optimizing well test data interpretation and selecting appropriate models for reservoir characterization. These results can also assist in designing future well operations to mitigate variable wellbore storage effects.

In this study, 5 different treatments of tillage and planting with 3 replications for corn crop were considered in cultivation and industry of Naz Sari plain. The investigated tillage treatments were conventional planting of corn instead of conventional wheat planting (CT-CT), no-tillage without residues instead of no-tillage without residues (NT-NT), No-tillage is a substitute for low-tillage and planting with combine tillers (MTCO-NTR), no-tillage replacing low-tillage with no-tillage (MTNT-NTR) and no-tillage replacing no-tillage (NTR-NTR). The results of this study showed that the highest amount of net energy was in the NTR-NTR system, while the CT-CT system had the lowest amount of net energy. In fodder corn cultivation, the highest production yield belonged to the NTR-NTR system with a value of 85,756 kg/ha; which has the highest energy output with 686.04 GJ/ha. The NTR-NTR system has the best performance in energy indicators, including energy ratio, net energy, energy productivity and energy specific, due to its higher performance in fodder production than other systems, with values of 26.20, 659.86 GJ/ha, 0.075 kg/MJ and 13.27 MJ/kg, respectively. The NTR-NTR system has performed the best in the indicators of energy ratio, productivity, net and energy special, and in the economic indicators of gross profit and non-special profit. On the other hand, the NT-NT system has surpassed other systems in the energy index of the systems and the economic indicators of P and BCR.

Intermittent exotropia is the most common form of exotropia in children. Non-surgical treatments include refractive error correction, occasional patching of the normal eye in young children, prism therapy, and orthoptic exercises. This study aimed to compare the effects of wearing overminus spectacles versus patch therapy in 3- to 8-year-old children with intermittent exotropia.

This clinical trial was conducted on 30 children (9 boys and 21 girls) with intermittent exotropia aged 3 to 8 years with no previous treatment history referring to the strabismus clinic of Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital in Mashhad. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Patch therapy (n=20) and overminus (n=10). In the patch therapy group, the patient’s healthy eye was patched for 2 to 4 hours a day for 6 months. Overminus spectacles were selected based on cycloplegic refraction between 2 and 4 diopters. Astigmatism was fully prescribed. Patient follow-up time was 3 months and then 6 months. Finally, data, including the size of the deviation and the degree of deviation control, were collected and analyzed.

The median spherical error of patients before intervention in the overminus group was +1 diopter in the right eye and +0.75 diopter in the left eye, and in the patch therapy group, +0.75 diopter in both the right and left eyes. Six months after the intervention, the median spherical error in the overminus group was +0.62 diopters in both the right and left eyes, and in the patch therapy group, +0.75 diopters and +0.62 diopters in the right and left eyes, respectively. No significant statistical difference was found between the study groups. The median deviation size of patients in the overminus group before intervention was +25 prism in distance vision and +25 prism in near vision, and 6 months after intervention, it was +22.5 prism in distance vision and +20 prism in near vision. Also, the median deviation size of patients in the patch therapy group before intervention was +25 prism in distance vision and +25 prism in near vision, and 6 months after intervention, it was +25 prism in distance vision and +25 prism in near vision. No significant statistical difference was found between the study groups. The median deviation control based on the Newcastle Scale Score (NSS) of patients before intervention was 3.5 in the overminus group and 4 in the patch therapy group, which was 1.5 in the overminus group and 3 in the patch therapy group 6 months after the intervention. Although there was a greater improvement in control based on the NSS in the overminus group compared to the patch therapy group.

Both overminus and patch therapy are effective in treating patients with intermittent exotropia. In patients using the overminus method, deviation control is higher compared to the patch therapy method.

The therapeutic outcomes of amblyopia after the age range of 8-10 years are poor, and amblyopia in older individuals is resistant to treatment. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS), among the efforts intended to modulate cortical excitability in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, has been believed to be associated with a specific disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of rTMS on the treatment of treatment-resistant amblyopia in adult patients.

This clinical trial was conducted on 16 patients (12 males and 4 females) with unilateral amblyopia, with a mean age of 30±5 years referring to the clinics of Khatam al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during 2016-17. Patients were randomly selected from those with unilateral amblyopia (refractive, strabismic, or mixed) who had not responded to conventional treatments (patching or penalization). The healthy eye was considered a control. The therapeutic intervention consisted of four rTMS sessions at two-week intervals. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were measured and compared three times: Before the intervention, at the first session of intervention, and at the fourth session of intervention.

The mean visual acuity at baseline (0.36±0.19) was not significantly different compared to the first treatment session (0.41±0.1); however, a significant increase was observed compared to the fourth session (0.45±0.23) (P<0.05). The mean contrast sensitivity at baseline (2.02±0.74) was not significantly different compared to the first (1.97±0.63) and the fourth (2.16±0.94) treatment sessions.

In most follow-ups, improvement in contrast was not observed in patients with treatment-resistant amblyopia at older ages using rTMS. Only an improvement in visual acuity was observed in the last follow-up compared to the baseline in the patient group.

Prayer, on the other hand, is the first, the most important and the most prioritized divine obligation that was established since the creation of Prophet Adam, peace be upon him, in order to keep the relationship of humans with the Creator of the universe alive throughout the day and night, and the factor of reforming behavior, speech and action. And so to speak, the excellence of their culture. Prayer is the most sacred relationship between the creator and the creature. Prayer is the best form of worship; If it is accepted at God's door, all other worships will be accepted, and if it is not accepted, other worships have no value. On the other hand, prayer is the main means of guidance and cultural excellence and the most important way of creating divine culture and a divine artistic performance in which God has somehow placed all the values ​​in it.The results of this research, which was carried out in a descriptive way and with an analytical-descriptive examination of the verses of the Quran, show that prayer, considering its customs and conditions, plays a central role in culture building and cultural excellence among humans, especially Islamic societies, and in the religion of Islam, all Goals

Orientalists believe that the story of the Companions of the Cave in the Qur'an is the story of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus, which the Prophet learned from the misguided Christians who were around him. Then he seriously taught this story to his followers and introduced its source as divine revelation. The following article, organized in a descriptive-analytical way, seeks to criticize and evaluate the opinions of this group of orientalists. Investigations show that: contrary to the vague and ambiguous details that exist in the Christian narratives about the companions of the cave, the Qur'an has expressed this story more vividly and clearly without any exaggeration, and the assimilation of the Qur'anic story of the companions of the cave with previous texts is only hypothetical. It is that orientalists regardless of the story-telling style of the Qur'an and the precise meanings of the verses; And considering some commonalities between Christian writings and Islamic interpretations, they have expressed it. That the Companions of the Cave were Christians and lived in the city of Ephesus is only mentioned in the narrations that have been narrated by various historical and exegetical books of Muslims, and it is not consistent with the content of the Qur'anic verses. Also, the Prophet's influence on Christian teachers was only a claim that was made without providing any historical and detailed documents.

Based on the theory of social behaviorism, Qur'anic stories play a significant role in changing behavior and transforming society. Additionally, referencing historical accounts of predecessors can provide a foundation for understanding the growth objectives during different periods of revelation. This research categorizes the periods of Qur'anic revelation into five phases: hidden growth, establishment of religion, public presence of Muslims, formation and development of Islamic society, and consolidation of religion. Using descriptive-analytical methods, this study examines the Qur'anic stories as influential factors in the gradual transformation of society during the period of revelation.In the first period, the verses focus on encouraging the Prophet (PBUH) and reiterating the denial of previous prophets. The second period is marked by the prominence of Qur'anic stories, which, according to verse 29 of Surah Fatah, play a complementary and supportive role in strengthening the religion. In the third period, as the Prophet (PBUH) begins to publicly engage with a predominantly polytheistic society, we observe God's special support in establishing the authority of the prophets.During the fourth period, storytelling is employed to clarify the branches of religion and motivate Muslims towards jihad. Finally, in the fifth period, efforts are made to prepare society for the post-mission era and to prevent deviations through the use of stories.

One of the greatest calamities that befell Shiism was the introduction of false anti-monotheism principles by the Sufis and the Ghalats, who, by projecting the idea of withdrawing from the Infallibles (‘a) and presenting an esoteric and false interpretation of the position of Wilayat, invited the common people and the ignorant to interpretations that were in complete contradiction with the clear and rational teachings of the Infallibles (‘a).During the time of Imam al-Bāqir (‘a), exaggerated ideas began to grow, and during the Imamate of Imam al-Ṣādiq (‘a), many groups of Ghulāts emerged, whose deviant beliefs flourished until the time of Imam Rezâ (‘a). The Ghulāts initially proposed the divinity of the Imams, and from the time of Imam Rezâ (‘a) onwards, a kind of descent was seen in their beliefs, and there was a greater tendency towards delegation; they considered the Imams to be creatures and attributed to them interference in the management of the world and the sustenance of the servants.Among the Ṣūfiyya, the concept of guardianship has also exceeded its legal monopoly in application to various instances, and the category of guardianship has become valid under a general descriptive title for every person (The perfect human being). Therefore, creation is no longer limited to fourteen specific individuals, but the mystic, who manifests the name of ʼAlāhā, i.e., "Creator," is also capable of being created. The dispute between the two groups regarding the creation or non-creation of the Ahlul Bayt ('a) has reached such a point that some scholars have considered the negation of creation by anyone other than ʼAlāhā to be a necessity of religion. Therefore, among the issues that are the subject of different opinions is the meaning of creation to anyone other than ʼAlāhā, and the beliefs of each side have had numerous effects that have even led to the formation of different schools of thought. Closure and similitude are two deviant thoughts in the knowledge of ʼAlāhā, which the divine messengers have forbidden and have refuted; in response to these statements, they proposed the word "Tanziyyah." In the thinking of thinkers, sometimes true creation is attributed to someone other than ʼAlāhā, and sometimes creation is permissible.In this article, the views of the Sunnis are expressed in a comparative descriptive-analytical manner. Then the theological foundations of Shiite scholars are examined, and a principle is adopted from it, according to which we interpret the verse “I will make for you thelikenessof a bird from clay” (Ali 'Imran - 49: 49). By considering the Shiite theological foundations, including the possibility and lack of a discrete (non-abstract) thing, the inability of creation to exist as an event, and the exclusivity of an independent active cause in God, we have reached the principle that if we consider creation in its true meaning—which is the creation and existence of a thing without a person—then such a thing is a repulsive matter. It can't be based on two agents and a creator. Therefore, creativity is an act specific to God, and attribution to someone other than God is figurative.

Literature Review:

Regarding the search for this topic, only dictionaries have discussed the meaning of creation, but no cases have been found in the sense of creation comparatively.

The descriptive-analytical research method was carried out in a library manner and by referring to various Shiite and Sunni books and sources in a comparative manner. The principles were extracted and finally used to interpret the verse in question.

By considering Shiite theological principles, including the possibility and lack of a discrete (non-abstract) object, the inability of creation for the existence of an event, and the exclusivity of an independent active cause in God, we have reached the principle that if we consider creation in its true meaning— which is the creation and existence of a non-self object—then such a thing is a repulsive matter. It can't be based on two agents and the creator. Therefore, creation is an act specific to God, and its attribution to someone other than God is figurative.

In recent years, Health tourism has been ever-increasing expansion, so in some countries of the world, it has become a strategic issue to increase the prestige of that country, develop new related technologies, attract investment, and attract tourists from different countries of the world. The increasing importance of health tourism has made governments interested in using and benefiting from the economic benefits of this industry, and this has led to increasing competition of countries to attract health tourists among countries. Iran also has excellent potential and actual capacities to expand the health tourism industry in the region and even the world. Low treatment costs and experienced medical doctors are among the actual existing capacities and the existences of original tourism areas such as Kish Island are among the potential capacities in this field. The purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the strategic factors affecting the development of health tourism in Kish Island as a hub for providing various types of tourism services in Iran.

This research was done using a mixed exploratory method. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of 15 health experts who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling. In the quantitative part, the findings were evaluated by 158 health experts. In conducting the analysis of the data in the qualitative part of our research, we utilized the thematic analysis method in three general stages. Meanwhile, in the quantitative part, we used factor analysis and structural equations for evaluation purposes. The research findings were classified into three levels of open, central, and selective coding, with the necessary evaluations carried out to ensure the validity of the obtained results.

The results led to the identification of 144 basic themes. These basic themes were categorized into five strategic areas, including the capacity of Kish Island, economic factors, infrastructural factors, organizational and legal factors, and finally cultural factors. These strategic factors were classified into three main categories including causal factors (capacity of Kish Island, economic factors, infrastructure factors), contextual factors (organizational and legal factors), and intervening factors (cultural factors). In terms of the capacity of Kish Island, economic factors and infrastructure factors, among the identified factors, seven factors of natural attractions and pristine beaches, low tourism costs, unique recreational places, the geographical and strategic location of the island, existence of favorable tourism infrastructure, the existence of well-equipped hotels with high reception capacity, the existence of numerous flight and transportation lines, no need for visas for foreign Iranians, and access to international waterways were approved by experts. In terms of economic factors, among the identified factors, six factors are government support and financial support for the development of health tourism, reforming the banking system and supporting the country's banking system for the development of the health tourism industry, insurance facilities for foreign tourists, lifting sanctions and expanding communications, foreign facilities and encouraging companies investing in health tourism and tax exemption for the development of health tourism activities were approved. In terms of cultural factors, factors of ensuring the social security of tourists, setting up health tourism agencies in public places (airports, embassies, medical centers, etc.), extensive advertising at the national and international level to introduce the opportunities of Kish Island in the field of health tourism, inviting representatives of other countries to visit the island and introduce health tourism development opportunities, advertisements using well-known and famous people from abroad, detailed and documented planning in line with the development of marketing in the target countries, preparing investment packages for investors and getting to know them with investment opportunities, a platform for dialogue with private companies through specialized platforms and virtual networks, meetings and collaboration with domestic and foreign experts and officials in line with the development of the health tourism industry were approved. In terms of organizational and legal factors using the capacity of the private sector to develop health tourism, developing private sector partnerships to improve the health tourism industry based on soft technologies, formation of expert planning team for advertising and marketing purposes, detailed plans for the development of the island's health tourism industry, determining the needs of health tourism users and prioritizing them, cooperation between health ministry organizations and embassies to develop the health tourism industry, consensus and integrity in the decisions of organizations in the field of health tourism, establishing laws approved by the Ministry of Health and the Parliament, removing cumbersome laws in the field of health tourism, Simplifying and clarifying the laws established to attract foreign tourists, facilitating the issuance of tourist visas and amending the laws governing the society and removing legal restrictions for foreign tourists were approved. In terms of infrastructure, six factors providing up-to-date and diverse services and equipment in hospitals and medical centers, equipping hospitals and hotels for the recovery period of foreign patients, taking advantage of the experiences of first-tier countries in the direction of health tourism development, using of nurses with experience working abroad, acquaintance of health tourism industry personnel with the culture and language of different countries and creating infrastructure for accommodation of non-resident doctors were approved.

In various domestic and foreign research, one or more effective factors in the formation and development of the health tourism industry have been mentioned. However in this comprehensive research, the results show a wide range of seemingly unrelated factors that should be taken into consideration by the stakeholders due to the special sensitivity of health tourism, especially by tourists who consider their health as their most important asset. It is necessary to adopt the necessary approach based on the identified effective strategic factors for the development of health tourism from the officials and managers of the country and Kish Island to tourism agencies and doctors.

To investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid administered prior to external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery to decrease intraoperative bleeding under general anesthesia.

This was a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial. A total of 70 patients (35 intervention and 35 control) with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) who were selected for DCR surgery between September 2021 and September 2022 were included. After clinical examinations and laboratory tests, patients were randomly classified into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 10 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid to a maximum dose of 1 gr 30 minutes before the surgery. Controls received normal saline solution as a placebo. The amount of intraoperative bleeding and surgical time were compared between the two groups.

The intervention group included 21 men (60%) and 14 women (40%), while the control group included 19 men (54.3%) and 16 women (45.7%). The mean ages of the participants were 55.46 ± 10.8 years and 58.06 ± 11.28 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the surgical time analysis (control group: 37.74 ± 9.52 minutes vs intervention: 26.03 ± 10.5 minutes; P < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the bleeding volume between the intervention (70.66 ± 48.19 ml) and control (47.74 ± 60 ml) groups (P < 0.001).

Intravenous tranexamic acid administration before the DCR procedure can successfully control bleeding during the surgery.

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in energy consumption and environmental indicators in the production of crops, including sugarcane, wheat, canola and sunflower during the years 2018 to 2022. Relevant information was collected through statistics recorded in planning management of Imam Khomeini Sugarcane Agro-Industrial Company in Khuzestan province. Using these statistics and sources, the production situation of agriculture and industry products was investigated. Based on the obtained results, in sugarcane fields, energy consumption in the years 2018 to 2022 was calculated as 131.05, 142.47, 152.16, 155.45 and 161.71 GJ ha-1 respectively. Also, energy consumption was equal to 30.49, 32.70, 35.10, 36.52, and 38.02 GJ ha-1 in wheat fields in the considered period. On the other hand, for the production of canola in the years 2018 to 2022, it varied and was equal to 19.44, 20.81, 22.68, 23.83 and 24.86 GJ ha-1 respectively. Also, in sunflower fields in the same period of time, it was estimated as 44.19, 82.14, 61.15, 20.16 and 76.16 GJ ha-1 respectively. The results of environmental effects showed that the highest amount of pollution caused by the effect of resources in sugarcane production is in the mentioned years of 12.08, 12.64, 12.91, 12.40 and 12.47 USD2013. Also, in wheat production this index increased from 61.96 to 68.23, in canola production increased from 79.86 to 85.51, and finally, in sunflower production increased from 61.82 to 65.73. Based on the ranking of the by-products, sunflower, wheat and canola are prioritized for cultivation from the first to the third place respectively. Optimal use of electricity inputs, diesel fuel and chemical fertilizers can help reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. In order to reduce energy consumption in the production of agricultural and industrial products, it is recommended to use renewable energy sources such as electricity produced from solar sources by photovoltaic systems.

COVID-19 can cause a wide range of ocular manifestations. The most common ocular manifestation is conjunctivitis. Neuro-ophthalmic presentations of COVID-19 are rare. Case reports suggest that COVID-19 infection can cause cranial nerve palsy, including nerves that regulate ocular movements. The present studypresented a case of fourth nerve palsy in a healthy and asymptomatic COVID-19-infected child. A healthy 10-year-old boy was referred to our eye clinic with a complaint of recent abnormal head posture and squint. His past medical history was unremarkable, and he had not received any medication or vaccinations within the last few weeks. No history of ocular or head trauma was observed. The patient was afebrile and had no respiratory symptoms. A comprehensive ocular examination was performed. All examinations, including slit-lamp, pupils, eyelids, and optic nerve heads, were normal. In ocular motor evaluations, left eye hyperdeviation was observed. Because of the history of COVID-19 in the mother of the child, he was referred to an infectious disease specialist and was tested for SARS-COV-2 with a nasopharyngeal swab specimen. The test was positive and SARS-COV-2 was detected. In addition, the patient was referred to a pediatric neurology department. Brain and orbital MRI was performed, and it was unremarkable. The post-viral fourth nerve palsy is uncommon, and post-COVID-19 has not been reported before. Clinicians should consider this infection in any recent strabismus in pediatrics. The children rarely complain of diplopia, and a recent abnormal head posture may be a sign of acquired strabismus.

Determining the representative elementary volume (REV) is crucial for accurately assessing the petrophysical properties of porous samples. This study used digital rock physics methods on a sandstone sample to establish the REV. The process involved extracting 10 subsamples from the original sample using image processing techniques like denoising and segmentation. Petrophysical and two-phase flow properties such as effective porosity, total porosity, tortuosity, effective permeability, relative permeability, residual oil saturation, maximum water relative permeability, intersection points in relative permeability curves for water and oil, as well as the average pore radius, average throat radius, and coordination number were calculated for each sub-sample using image processing and pore network modeling. The REV was estimated to be around 6003, which helps in improving modeling accuracy and reducing costs and time in studies. This highlights the importance of digital rock physics in determining REV for further analysis.

To investigate the frequency of nasal and sinus problems in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The prospective case-control study was performed on 44 patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction, who were referred to oculoplastic clinics for surgery, and 50 healthy controls. All patients were evaluated with nasal endoscopy by an otolaryngologist. All endoscopic data were reported, including secretion from the middle meatus, nasal deviation, presence of a mass or polyp, turbinate hypertrophy, and concha bollosa. The mean age of the patients was 42.02±12.04 years. The majority of participants were female (70.45%). 72.7% (32/44) of the PANDO group had varying sinus and nasal disorders. Septal deviation was the most common accompanying disorder, and it was found to be in 61.4 % (27/44) of the PANDO group compared to 36% (18/50; P=0.03) of the controls. 77.77% (28/36) of patients with unilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction had been associated with sinus and nasal disorders.Due to the high frequency of nasal and sinus disorders in patients with acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction, otolaryngology consultation before surgery is recommended.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are determined by ineffective hematopoiesis and bone marrow cytological dysplasia with somatic gene mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. Accumulating evidence has revealed the pivotal role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptotic cell death in the pathogenesis of MDS. Although MDS can be diagnosed with a variety of morphologic and cytogenetic tests, most of these tests have limitations or problems in practice.

In the present study, we evaluated the expression of genes that form the inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, and CASP1) in bone marrow specimens of MDS patients and compared the results with those of other leukemias to evaluate their diagnostic value for MDS.Primary samples of this observational cohort study were collected from aspiration samples of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (27 cases) and patients with non-myelodysplastic syndrome hematological cancers (45 cases). After RNA extraction and c.DNA synthesis, candidate transcripts and housekeeping transcripts were measured by real-time PCR method (SYBER Green assay). Using Kruskal-Wallis the relative gene expressions were compared and differences with p value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Discrimination capability, cut-off, and area under curve (AUC) of all markers were analyzed with recessive operation curve (ROC) analysis.

 We found that Caspase-1 and ASC genes expressed at more levels in MDS specimens compared to non-MDS hematological malignancies. A relative average expression of 10.22 with a p-value of 0.001 and 1.86 with p=0.019 was detected for Caspase-1 and ASC, respectively. ROC curve analysis shows an AUC of 0.739 with p=0.0001 for Caspase-1 and an AUC of 0.665 with p=0.0139 for ASC to MDS discrimination.

Our results show that Caspase-1 and ASC gene expression levels can be used as potential biomarkers for MDS diagnosis. Prospective studies with large sample numbers are suggested.

Mechanization is one of the transition ways from traditional agriculture to sustainable agriculture. Facing with limited resources in production and inputs on the one hand and increasing rate of population growth on the other hand demonstrate position and the importance of mechanization in the development of food security in the country more than ever. because seed, fertilizer, poison, and even soil and water inputs can be managed with its help, and sustainable production can also be achieved. multi-criteria decision making techniques were discussed to rank these parameters. The parameters were ranked by three common methods including simple additive weighting (SAW), TOPSIS and ELECTER. The results of the ranking were different in the three methods, which were integrated with the triple integration, and a uniform ranking was obtained for the parameters. After the triple merger, small and scattered agriculture holdings, worn out of agriculture machinery and the lack of a coherent and codified operational plan were in the first rank. Subsequently, lack of technical skills of the farmer, variability of raw material prices, lack of on-site repair, employment and unemployment problems, lack of best mechanization, lack of control and production of agricultural inputs, poor quality agricultural machinery produced internally and Lack of communication between agricultural machinery users and owners of these industries ranks second to ninth. Finally, according to the concordance of the results of TOPSIS method and the results of triple integration, TOPSIS method was approved as a suitable method for ranking.

Different and sometimes conflicting interpretations of religious texts are one of the new issues raised in Islamic culture today. Among the appropriate platforms that provide the basis for this theory are the semantic plurality of the Qur'an and philosophical hermeneutics. As the major source of understanding religion, the Qur'an has multiple and different fields of meaning, and philosophical hermeneutics is a special approach to the problem of understanding and interpreting texts. In addition, accepting plurality of readings gives validity to all readings and understandings of religious texts, including the Qur'an, which itself causes confusion and misguidance of people. This article, through a descriptive-analytical method, while referring to various foundations, the proposal of the theory of plurality of readings and the consequences resulting from the acceptance of this theory, has discussed and examined the two foundations of the semantic plurality of the Qur'an and philosophical hermeneutics. The result suggests that, from Mesbah Yazdi's viewpoint, the meaning of the Qur'an's inner parts, the understandings of length and depth, are non-contradictory and regular, which has no relationship with philosophical hermeneutics and the plurality of readings. Therefore, the possibility of different readings of the same text is the result of a kind of attitude about philosophical hermeneutics

Optimizing the placement of wells is a crucial step in field development as it directly impacts production and cost. Inappropriate well placement can lead to decreased production and higher costs due to the expensive drilling process. Vertical well placement focuses on optimizing wellhead coordinates (x and y parameters), while horizontal and deviated wells require considering the depth of the wells (z parameter) along with operational limitations. This research presents an automatic framework that utilizes the particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the location of horizontal wells, taking into account drilling limitations. The objective function used is the net present value (NPV). This framework defines the number of particle swarm optimization variables based on operational constraints and well geometry. The algorithm randomly selects parameter values and applies the optimization procedure while considering specific constraints until the stop criteria are met. The framework successfully optimized the x, y, z, LP (Landing point), and KOP (Kick of Point) parameters in two heterogeneous synthetic models and a benchmark model (PUNQ_S3). On average, the net present value increased by 22% in all models, with greater heterogeneity resulting in a higher increase compared to homogeneous models.

Man is a dignified being, with a pure, divine nature, endowed with moral virtue and sublime wisdom, and with the talent and power of extraordinary growth and prosperity. Universal, to express his human and divine identity and free himself from poverty and hardship. In this regard, this research has been written with a descriptive and analytical method to understand the aspects of increasing insight in the eradication of cultural poverty from the perspective of Nahjul Balagha, and the results of the research show that increasing insight and awareness in the direction of poverty eradication, providing a platform and suitable employment and health Families lead to the eradication of cultural poverty and finally, the implementation of social justice.

One of the moral attributes for which very valuable works and results are stated in innocents` saynigs is the attribute of "asceticism". What is very important for this description and the rest of the moral qualities is the accurate understanding of these qualities in the words of the innocents. The present research has studied the semantics of the word "asceticism" in the narrations of Ahl Bayt using the semantic method of Toshihiko Izutsu. "Asceticism" has been placed as a focal word for the semantic field and its basic and relative meaning has been evaluated. The results of the research indicate that the basic meaning of asceticism is "reluctance" and "indifference" and this word has not found a new relative meaning due to going into the field of semantics of narrations, that is, the same meaning is also included narrations; With the difference that asceticism is a simple and natural reluctance before entering this field, but after entering this field, it has turned into a kind of cognitive and cognitive reluctance, which originates from the certainty of God and the Hereafter and ends in being freed from the fire.

The utilization of poultry byproducts for sustainable and productive production of energy and bioproducts in integrated biorefineries is a promising and beneficial proposition to reduce pollutants in contemporary circumstances. These biorefineries employ chicken byproducts as the raw constituents and utilize these materials to produce high-value biological products via distinctive methods. The implementation of sustainable and eco-friendly biorefineries presents a promising prospect for fostering an environmentally aware economic structure. This study examines the ecological consequences of chicken meat production circular bioeconomy framework. The current research includes development of two distinct scenarios: scenario 1 focuses exclusively on conventional chicken meat production methods and scenario 2 encompasses the production of chicken meat and the economic utilization of chicken feather waste via liquid hydrolysate, as well as the valuation of chicken fat waste to biodiesel and glycerol. As per the results, producing chicken meat according to scenario 2 leads to a 46% reduction in the detrimental impact on human health when compared to scenario 1. Also, the production of chicken meat according to scenario 1 leads to the amount of damage to the ecosystem of 1.03E-5 species per year, while applying scenario 2, this damage is reduced by 43%. Scenario 2 also shows a 34% reduction in resource damage compared to scenario 1 per ton of chicken meat production. The reported reduction percentages shed light on the progress of scenario 2 in reducing its environmental footprint compared to scenario 1, which further highlights the significant advancements in environmental sustainability achieved through the mentioned process.