Study and analysis of residential architectural decorations of Qajar and Pahlavi periods in Bukan city

Historically and culturally, Bukan is one of the cities of Mukriyan Kurdistan, located in the southern area of Lake Urmia. During the Qajar era, this city became important due to the construction activities of the family of Sardar Aziz Khan, the Minister of War of Iran, during the era of Naser al-Din Shah. During this period, we see the rise of power of a number of tribes, such as the Gurkas, the Dehbokris, the Faizullah Beigis, and the Mukris in Bukan. Currently, most of the remaining historical monuments from the Qajar and Pahlavi periods of Bukan city are manorial mansions. which were built by Khanin and chiefs of Bukan region which at first glance is a sign of the serf lord system and the class gap in a society of that era Bukan. In many of these buildings, various decorations such as brickwork, plastering, carving, mirroring, and wood are used. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to deal with the characteristics and types of decorations used in the mansions of the mentioned periods in this city. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to answer questions about the artistic styles and patterns that influence the form of these decorations.Since so far no comprehensive and coherent research has been done in connection with the decorations and architectural style of Bukan lordly mansions. Therefore, the study of these buildings can give a wider understanding of the efforts of the artists of this region in creating comfortable settlements. As a result of the present research, it was found that with the implementation of the feudal lord system, we see the construction of lordly mansions in most of the villages of Bukan city. In addition, the decorations of the mentioned buildings are influenced by the mountainous climate of the region and the architectural patterns of other Kurdish regions of Iran.