The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Academic Wising (AWS-3)

Studies have shown that wising is an important factor in many domains, including academic performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to the development and validation of a scale to measure academic wising. The research was a descriptive-correlational study and the validation of the test. For this purpose, a sample of 420 students of Bu-Ali Sina University in the 2022-2023 academic year were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method and completed the academic wising scale, academic engagement questionnaire, and fear of self-compassion scale. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Examination of the data in exploratory factor analysis showed that all 18 items had acceptable factor load and the finding revealed three factors (cognitive, affective, reflective). Moreover, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the scale had an acceptable fit. The findings showed that academic wising was significantly correlated with academic engagement and fear of self-compassion. Moreover, the results indicated that the Cronbach's alpha of the scale were favorable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the academic wising scale has very good validity and reliability and can effectively measure academic wising in the three factors mentioned.