The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Empowerment: A Study of the Modifying Roles of Emotional Exhaustion and Perceived Flexibility (Case Study: Presidential Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran)

This study examines the role of ethical leadership in employee empowerment. In today's world scenario, understanding the impact of flexibility and emotional Exhaustion is essential to building the concept of empowerment. therefore, the present study examines perceived flexibility and emotional Exhaustion as possible modifiers on the relationship between ethical leadership and employee empowerment. This research is a descriptive and survey type. a 30-item questionnaire was designed and distributed in 2021 to collect data and measure variables in order to evaluate the research model. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated to be higher than 0.7 using Cronbach's alpha method for each part and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by structural validity analysis. The authors, while reviewing the theoretical foundations of the members of the statistical sample, selected them by random sampling method from among the managers of the presidential Administration of Iran in Tehran. Confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis were performed using Smart PLS software to test the research hypotheses and examine the differences between the structures in the research. Findings showed that ethical leadership has a significant effect on psychological and structural empowerment. Also, the moderating effects of Emotional Exhaustion and Perceived Flexibility on the relationship between ethical leadership and empowerment was significant and the research hypotheses were all confirmed. Given the special characteristics of the Presidential Administration and their emphasis on ethics in order to achieve organizational perfection, the results of this study can be used by other governmental institutions.