Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification Training on Psychological Symptoms and Self-Care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease that endangers the health of many individuals in society. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification training on psychological symptoms and self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods and Materials: 

The study employed a pre-test post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes Association and hospitals in Gilangharb province, in 2020. A total of 45 individuals (divided into a lifestyle modification intervention group and a control group) were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the SCL-90-R and the Toobert and Glasgow Self-Care Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance tests, as well as the LSD post hoc test, utilizing the SPSS software.

The results of the multivariate analysis of covariance indicated that after controlling for pre-test effects, F was significant at the 0.05 level for "psychological symptoms" components. In other words, there were significant differences in the post-test scores of these variables between the "experimental group" and the "control group". The results also showed differences between the two intervention groups and the control group in the self-care variable. Furthermore, the lifestyle modification training intervention was effective in components of psychological symptoms, including somatization, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, aggression, phobia, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism dimensions.

It can be concluded that lifestyle modification training was effective in improving psychological symptoms and self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes, and this psychological approach can be used to improve the condition of patients with type 2 diabetes.