Optimal Layout Design at the Height of Shear Wall of 3D RC Structure Considering CO2 Emissions

Shear wall design is one of the optimization problems, due to the presence of various parameters and its inhomogeneity, it has always attracted the attention of researchers and structural designers. The purpose of this research is to design a shear wall and its optimal arrangement in the height of an intermediate reinforced concrete three-dimensional structure. Considering the necessity of preserving the environment and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, which are mostly made up of carbon gas, the objective function has been formulated based on the reduction of CO2 emission caused by the materials used in the shear wall. On the other hand, in order to optimize the design, CSA meta-heuristic algorithm has been used, and to satisfy the constraints of the problem, the objective function has been used by the penalty method. Also, in order to simplify the search space, a number of shear walls have been pre-designed and discretely coded. In addition, displacement and force constraints have been applied regarding the shear wall and boundary elements so that the design and layout of the walls can be done correctly. In this research, a reinforced concrete moment-resisting frame with a shear wall in seven stories has been modeled and analyzed with the OpenSees software. Based on the optimal design of shear walls, the algorithm was successful in achieving the desired layout by satisfying all constraints.