The Framework of whistle-blowing in Iran's Government Organizations with the Approach of Grounded Theory

Organizational whistleblowing is a process used to report ethical and legal violations within an organization or work environment. On the other hand, ethical and legal violations in government organizations may occur in the form of corruption, abuse of power, and violations of laws. Therefore, organizational whistle-blowing in this area can play a very important role in identifying and dealing with these violations. This research is qualitative, developmental, interpretive and inductive, which was implemented with the foundation's data approach. The statistical population of the research consists of twelve university experts and participants who were whistleblowers themselves and were selected by a judgmental method. After selecting the participants, the research questions were answered through semi-structured interviews. After reviewing and analyzing the obtained interviews, 350 initial codes were obtained, of which 175 abstract concepts, 42 sub-categories and 17 main categories were obtained. In this way, the factors; individual and punitive policies as causal conditions; micro contextual factors, macro contextual factors and norming as contextual factors; Role players, incentives for whistle-blowing and disruptors as intervening factors, triple support, soft strategies, hard strategies, whistle-blowing protection policies, and regulatory bodies as strategies. Social-economic, individual-moral and organizational-legal consequences were identified as the consequences of whistle-blowing in Iran's government organizations. The presented model can be a basis for planning organizations to re-use the experiences, knowledge, expertise and skills of retirees in professional and non-professional jobs. Adopting organizational whistleblowing and creating a legal mechanism to manage reports is also critical. These include establishing a legal process for investigating and following up on reports, protecting whistleblowers, and imposing legal consequences for ethical and legal violations.