The Effect of the Spatial Structure and Physical Environment of Science and Technology Parks in Alborz Province on Increasing the Performance of Employees of Knowledge-based Companies.

Science and Technology Parks play an important role in the scientific development of the country. The physical environment of these parks in two areas of architecture and urban planning should be designed with the aim of improving the efficiency of employees. The purpose of this article is to analyse the relationship between urban factors (spatial structure and quality of open space) and physical architectural factors in science and technology parks on employee productivity. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method. The scope of the study includes "Alborz Science and Technology Park" and "Communication and Information Technology Science and Technology Park". Data collection was done with a questionnaire, and the statistical sample included 226 employees of companies operating in these two parks. According to Vischer's (2007) model, architectural environmental variables were divided into three groups: "physical", "functional" and "psychological". These variables were ranked using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. To understand the spatial structure, the space layout method was used in the UCL.Depthmap.10 software environment. Measuring the quality of the urban environment was also done through the researcher's questionnaire. In the inferential analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and path analysis using "partial least squares" method were used. The findings of the research showed that most of the factors of Vischer's model have a greater effect on productivity than urban factors from the point of view of employees. But these architectural variables do not express all the effects, so that the impact of spatial structure on employee productivity is less than "physical factors", but more than "functional factors". Also, under the variables of spatial structure, the effect of "Unity", "Depth" and "Connection" variables on productivity was not equal.