The effect of aerobic and resistance training on Omentin-1 and Nesfatin-1 levels in adults: A systematic review and meta -Analysis

Adipokines omentin-1 and nesfatin-1 are hormones secreted from adipose tissue that effectively regulate metabolic pathways. On the other hand, exercise training plays a positive role in preventing metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic and resistance training on the levels of omentin-1 and nesfatin-1 in adults.

A systematic search of English and Persian articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, SID, Scopus, and Magiran databases was conducted until September 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic and resistance training on the levels of omentin-1 and nesfatin-1 in adults. The mMean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random effect model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test, and diffusion bias was evaluated by visual analysis of the funnel plot and Egger's test.

In total, 26 studies, including 29 exercise interventions and 722 adults, 409 participants in the exercise group with an average age of 32.45 ± 3.71, and 313 participants in the control group with an average age of 29.86 ± 2.34 were added to the present meta-analysis. The results showed that exercise training caused a significant increase in omentin-1 [SMD=1.37, 0.83 to 1.91, P=0.001] and nesfatin-1 [SMD= 0.69, 0.01 to 1.37, P=0.04] compared to the control group in adults.

The results of the present study showed that both types of aerobic and resistance training lead to a significant increase in the levels of omentin-1 and nesfatin-1. It seems that exercise training can be a non-pharmacological and practical intervention to regulate adipokines in adults.