Basics of civil liability for damages caused by oil pollution on the environment

One of the main pollutants of the environment is oil and oil products, which are of special importance; Because oil pollution, even in small scale and quantities, can cause great and irreparable damage to the environment. In this research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical method, the three main and basic points of view regarding the foundations of civil liability for damages caused by oil pollution were explained and analyzed, and it was concluded that although the basis of liability in the relevant laws of the country, It is based on fault based on which the victim is required to prove the fault of the perpetrator; However, such a view cannot be taken in the environmental damage caused by oil pollution; Because proving the guilt of the perpetrator is difficult and impossible in most cases. Therefore, it seems that by accepting the system of pure responsibility and changing the approach, the aforementioned damages can be compensated on the basis of no-fault liability, regardless of whether the main cause of oil pollution and damages is the government or private individuals. Based on this, it is necessary to design such a system to compensate for the damages caused by oil pollution.