Analyzing Spatial Dust Changes in Tehran Using Chaos Theory in Spatial Epistemology

This research investigated the specific patterns of dust influx into the metropolis of Tehran from 2005 to 2017. The study utilized the data on dust occurrence days and synoptic station data in Tehran. The research methodology involved employing the HYSPLIT trajectory model, as well as dust detection indices, and determining the chemical properties of dust, including main and rare elements, by using the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) method. The findings indicated that the primary source of dust entering Tehran originated from desert regions and vast, arid areas outside the country. External sources of dust, such as the North Arabian Sahara and the East African Sahara, have been active since ancient times and are not solely related to modern dust occurrences. The cause of their impact on Tehran could be attributed to the desiccation of internal lagoons and lakes. The changes in the frequency of fine-dust trajectories could not be solely explained by their connection with external sources. Instead, it appeared that the micro-particle movement system was striving to establish a deeper order, which was not solely influenced by changes in the origin and destination of the particles. Rather, the entry of fine particles into this movement system had undergone changes during their movement within the system.