An Overview on the Use of Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Waste Oils

In recent years, due to the understanding of the fact that crude oil is limited and human health is endangered by the emission of greenhouse gases and dangerous gases, the use of vegetable oil as a fuel in the compression ignition engine has been considered again. The purpose of this article is to review the preparation and study of the reaction of modified heterogeneous nanocatalysts for the production of biodiesel by the method of transesterification using waste oils as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel. Based on this, first, the history of biodiesel production will be explained, and then the processes and methods of biodiesel production will be discussed. At the end, the homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts used in biodiesel production will be reviewed and the advantages and disadvantages of each will be listed.