Analysis And Evaluation Of The Status Of Urban GovernanceIndicators In Third World Countries With An Emphasis On The Cities Of Iran (Gorgan)

At the moment, the approach that is applied as the most effective, least costly and sustainable management style, introduces good urban governance in city management. A good urban governance pattern can be a new theory in response to new expectations and responsibilities, which can pave the way from the current state of affairs and a way to provide better public services for citizens. The purpose of this study is to study the existing situation in the city of Gorgan from the point of view of desirable governance indicators and in terms of urban sustainability. The research method was descriptive-analytic, which uses library-documentary materials, questionnaires and survey areas to collect the required information. The sample size in this research is 382 citizens of the neighbourhoods of the city of Gorgan (Mina gol, Qala Hassan, Gorganpars, Afsaran, Sar khajah, Mikhche garan, Ghazagh mahale, Golha and Villa shahr). The data analysis method has been used by descriptive and inferential statistics and using spss-Excel and GIS software to analyze the views of citizens. The tests used in this study were parametric tests (One-Sample T Test, ANOVA and PERSON) and non-parametric tests such as (Binomial, Kruskal-Wallis test). The results of the research show that the status of governance indicators in all neighborhoods (areas of Gorgan city) is in an unfavorable situation from the point of view of the citizens, and also in an unstable situation in terms of urban stability. According to the Kruskal Wallis test, there is no difference except for the participation index, which is the same in all localities, and other studied indicators are significant, which indicates the existence of differences and non-uniformity of the studied indicators in the localities. Among all neighborhoods, the studied indicators of Qala Hassan neighborhood have a lower rank compared to other neighborhoods. According to the Pearson test, there is no significant relationship between the optimal urban governance approach and urban sustainability. The reason for that is the low status of urban governance and urban sustainability indicators.