Investigation and zoning of landslide risk map in Liqvan Chai watershed using ANP model

In this research, the spatial assessment of the risk of landslides in the Ligvan-chai watershed was done. Liqvan Chai watershed with an area of about 200 square kilometers is located in the political-administrative area of Tabriz city. In order to zone the risk of landslides in the Liqvanchai watershed, nine spatial variables were used. To determine the weight of each of the variables, the Analytical Network Process (ANP) model was used in the framework of the Geographical Information System (GIS). Simultaneous attention to the internal and external relationships between the criteria is the most important advantage of the ANP model compared to other multi-criteria decision making models. The results of the ANP model show that the three variables of slope (with a weight of 0.279), geological formations (with a weight of 0.224) and precipitation (with a weight of 0.165) are the most effective variables involved in the occurrence of landslides in The scale of the watershed is Liqvan Chai. In fact, these variables control the occurrence of landslides in the region by providing favorable conditions. Also, zoning the risk of landslides by combining the research criteria using the coefficients obtained from the ANP model in the framework of the Geographical Information System (GIS) showed that in about 36% of the basin level in the high risk class and It is placed very much. Most of these areas are located in the lower reaches of the basin. The simultaneous participation of several factors, such as high slope, high rainfall, sensitive geological formations, the presence of faults, etc., has made the upstream parts of Liqvanchai basin have suitable conditions for the occurrence of landslides.