Identifying and Prioritizing Factors Affecting Transportation Risk Management in the Food Supply Chain Using Gray Delphi And Gray COPRAS

To explain a framework for managing the risk of transportation in the food industry supply chain, the initial step involves identifying 12 risks that can potentially lead to transportation disruptions, based on the research background. Utilizing the Delphi method and gathering opinions from 15 academic and industrial experts across 3 stages, the risks were ultimately defined. Furthermore, expert opinions were sought to determine solutions to address the identified risks. The grey DEMATEL method was employed to investigate the interaction of risks. The findings revealed that weather problems, natural disasters, insufficient skilled labor/labor strikes, infrastructure capacity, and inflation and exchange rate changes are among the risks that exert a more significant influence on other risks than they are influenced by them. Subsequently, using the grey COPRAS method, the prioritization of solutions to mitigate the identified risks, based on expert opinions, was undertaken. The results indicated that the top-ranked solution is the definition of key performance indicators. Therefore, it is recommended to managers that, in order to establish a robust supply chain and proactively manage risks, they should identify stakeholders and critical processes. Afterward, an agreement on the financial flow in each situation should be obtained, and a value flow map drawn. This approach enables the implementation of preventive measures to reduce supply chain risk and facilitates the preparation of an emergency plan for unforeseen conditions, thereby enhancing resilience.