Way finding analysis with the interaction between configuration and spatial communication based on space syntax tools

Routing is a process that a person has to choose between two points of origin and destination. Routing is always based on the goal and planned by people. In choosing the path, having a specific motivation facilitates this. People develop their navigation as they grow. On the other hand, getting lost, which is actually the result of not being able to find the right path, is one of the issues that have troubled the human mind since the past and has become more complicated today with the increasing growth of the artificial environment in terms of intensity and complexity. The process and categories that lead to the successful routing of people in a complex building such as a hospital is a challenging issue. Users of an environment (in the hospital; patient, patient's companion, medical service providers) each have a different level of awareness in the perception of the environment and ability to navigate; Also, the behavior patterns of people in the process of finding the path are different from each other. The ability to read the path depends on many factors. One of these factors is space configuration and spatial communication. The higher the legibility of the path, the easier people interact with the environment and feel more secure in the space. Routing in public spaces with complex circulation, such as hospital interior spaces, is very difficult due to thedensity of spaces, multiple and sometimes uniform paths. Therefore, this research aims to analyze routing with the interaction between configuration and spatial communication based on the space syntax tool in the internal routes of Khorram Abad Social Security Hospital. In other words, the purpose of this research is to understand the interaction and relationship between the configuration of the space in the choice of the path by people in the environment. Based on this, this research is a type of applied research whose findings and results can be used in the design of hospital interior spaces. The scope of the research field includes architecture, urban planning and behavioral sciences (sociology and environmental psychology).

The information used in this research was collected in two parts. The first part of quantitative data was obtained using the images and data available in the Road and Urban Development Department of Khorramabad city, and the second part related to qualitative information was collected by accessing valid library documents and theses and referring to valid domestic and foreign sites. In this research, the diagrams of axial view, connectivity, co-connection and depth of space are used with the help of Depthmap X 0.50 software. By using mathematical operations on the matrix obtained in this software, it is possible to compare the aspects of human environmental behavior with the aspects of spatial configuration and provide results to predict the future of the project. Based on this, in order to achieve the goal of the research, by using Depthmap X 0.50 software and by extracting graph-based methods and interpreting conne ctivity diagrams, co-connectivity, average depth and distribution pattern, people's perception and interpretation of routing in the interior of the hospital will be explained.

Readability, spatial coherence, contrast and spatial diversity are the factors that can help people understand the path correctly. Taking advantage of the configuration and physical features of the space can become a suitable model for designing collections with many and complicated paths. Among the spaces that many people use and find their way in, are hospital spaces. The multiplicity of spaces in the hospital and their compactness make it necessary to determine and design the correct and appropriate paths. This is intensified when time is of the essence to save lives. People who are unfamiliar with the communication routes in the hospital environment should make sure that the navigation guides are sufficient and clear for them and that they will reach their destination without getting lost by following the guide. The use of various guide tools in guiding the visitors provides the possibility of understanding the general spatial arrangement of the environment and the relationship between them. People who are more familiar with the area determine the route with the navigation strategy and by using the distance and direction representation, while the people who are less familiar with the environment use the sign strategy and by recognizing the elements and recognizing theposition as They route to a point. People with more familiarity identify their conditions mentally and through coordinates in a more general situation, on the other hand, people with less familiarity identify the situation in smaller areas and through symbolic points and connections between symbols and follow the points towards the destination. Therefore, legibility of the route is of great importance for people. The findings of the research show that the greater the degree of connectivity and the axial length of the track, the more readable it is. On the other hand, the connection of spaces has an inverse relationship with the degree and amount of spatial depth.

According to the diagram of the axial length of the sight lines, the axial length of the lines is longer in the paths whose spaces are arranged linearly, and the rest of the length of the axial lines are almost similar to each other. Routes with longer axial lines (red color) have this feature due to the connection to other routes. Also, the connectivity diagram is almost a function of the axial length diagram, which means that the paths that have the least connection to other paths and have a longer axial length still have a high degree (red color) in the connectivity diagram. The interconnection diagram that shows the connection and visual connection of the spaces in the internal paths shows that the connectivity has a direct relationship with the interconnection of the spaces. In the paths that have high connectivity, their degree of coconnection is also higher than other paths. As a result, the legibility of the routes increases and these routes have a higher readability than other routes and are more easily chosen by people in the environment. In the spatial depth diagram, it can be seen that any path that has more length of axial lines and as a result more connectivity, has a lower degree of spatial depth. The lower the degree of spatial depth of an environment, the more secure people feel in it because they are less visible to other people. From the findings of this section, it can be concluded that the longer the axial length of a path, the more accessible it is, but its spatial depth is proportionally less. In other words, space permeability has an inverse relationship with space depth. The results of this research showed that the location of Khorram Abad Social Security Hospital is appropriate. This hospital is located in a densely populated part of the city and is also close to green spaces, fire stations, and cemeteries, providing quick and easy access to citizens. Proximity to the main roads of the city is another feature of this hospital's location. On the ot her hand, according to what was said about the analysis of the routing diagrams in the space of Khorram Abad Social Security Hospital, it can be concluded that the depth and connection of the space has a relative proportion with its use. In other words, some routes, such as the emergency route to the service area, have greater axial length, connectivity and connectivity, and on the other hand, less spatial depth. Also, the rest of the routes have less axial length, less connectivity and greater spatial depth. Therefore, the flow of movement and access is more in the paths with less spatial depth. Also, the paths that have more spatial depth have the most connections.