Clarifying the challenges, requirements and methods of commercialization of defense technologies: a systematic review

Today, in many countries of the world, including Iran, defense industries are facing the challenge of financing, and on the other hand, these industries have many capacities that non-defense sectors can benefit from. Based on this, both defense and non-defense industries and the national innovation ecosystem in general benefit from the commercialization and transfer of defense technologies. The main goal of this article is to identify the most important challenges, requirements and methods of commercialization of defense technologies, meanwhile, political approaches and factors affecting the commercialization of these technologies are also mentioned.In order to achieve this goal, a systematic review approach was used to integrate previous research, and after the necessary screenings, 24 articles were selected for analysis according to their purpose and topic. By comparing and categorizing the extracted codes, it is concluded that in order to develop the commercialization of defense technologies, the challenges of this field such as legal barriers and low agility of the defense industries must be solved first, then by committing to certain requirements Because the non-linear view of commercialization and attention to the complexities of the process, the attention to the dissemination of military technologies and the dual-purpose approach, the allocation of subsidies and the incentives that stimulate the dissemination in defense organizations, increasing flexibility, helping to Creation of intermediary institutions, development of dual-purpose infrastructure, creation of ecosystem and parallel commercialization structures, a suitable commercialization method among methods such as dual-purpose, licensing, strategic partnership, company He chose reproductive and mediating technologies.