The Effect of Exercise Training on the Changes of Adipokines in Adipose Tissue in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Review

This review aims to investigate and analyze recent studies related to the effects of various exercise training on adipokines secreted from adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Search in Persian and Latin databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Magiran, and SID with the keywords aerobic exercise, resistance training, High-intensity interval training, diabetes, Adipokine, Leptin, Adiponectin, and Resistin, resistance training, intense interval training, aerobic exercise, combined exercise, adipokine, leptin, adiponectin and resistin were performed to retrieve articles published in the period from 2010 to 2023.

The results obtained from the study showed that aerobic exercise with moderate intensity (60 to 80%) reduces the leptin levels of diabetic patients, however, the effect of combined exercises (aerobic and resistance) is much greater than other types of exercises. In addition, aerobic exercises with moderate intensity (50 to 70%) lead to an increase in adiponectin levels in diabetic patients, however, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) had a greater effect in increasing adiponectin levels than other exercises. Also, studies showed that all three types of activities, aerobic exercise (50-70% intensity), intense intermittent exercise, and resistance exercise (30-70% 1RM) have the same effects in reducing the resistance levels of diabetic patients.

Aerobic exercises with medium and high intensity and especially combined exercises (aerobic and resistance) while improving adipokines, decreasing leptin and resistin levels, and also increasing adiponectin in diabetic patients.