Elucidation of the Theological Consequences of Physical Resurrection and the Embodiment of Actions Based on the Analysis of Mullā Ṣadrā's Theory of Substantial Movement

One of the most important innovations of Mullā Ṣadrā in the field of ontology is the substantial movement, which has left an important impact on his philosophical and theological thoughts. By proving the movement and restlessness in the institution of the universe and man, he believes that the world of existence and the foundation of all material beings is constantly transforming. With an analytical and documentary method, this research has provided a perusal of Mullā Ṣadrā's substantial movement in theological elucidation of physical resurrection and embodiment of actions. The findings of the research show that the material world is gradually and continuously moving from materiality to abstraction, and this movement is present in the entire universe and even the human soul. The human soul is corporeal in existence and spiritual in subsistence; that is, at the beginning of creation, man is a physical being and does not have a spiritual aspect, but in his material life, he goes through the stages of evolution and achieves incorporeality from materiality. One of the theoretical means of the theory of substantial movement is the proof and rational elucidation of physical resurrection, through which the human soul can traverse its path of perfection and reach its final destination (resurrection). In the light of this theory, the embodiment of actions can be theologically explained as follows: human traits and states that have penetrated and become subsistence in the essence of man due to the substantial movement of the soul, are embodied for him in the hereafter and cause the manifestation of pleasure or pain in his soul.