Analyzing Fertility Attitudes and Behaviors in Iran Using Linear and Non-Linear Models

This research analyzes fertility attitudes and childbearing behaviors in Iran using both linear and non-linear models on a sample of 1,900 units collected through a survey method. The study enriches the cognitive perspective beyond structuralist and rationalist critiques by emphasizing indicators such as "the meaning of life," "the vague shadow of the future," "existential and economic uncertainty," and "behavioral changes in taste and preference." The study utilizes multi-layer analysis and hybrid models like the random forest model. The sample predominantly consists of individuals in their 30s with a university education. Findings reveal a higher desire for children compared to actual childbearing behavior, with women showing less desire than men, particularly in poorer classes where fertility rates are below replacement level. The desire to have four or more children among married individuals is predicted to be less than two percent. The study highlights the increasing correlation between women's education and realistic awareness of fertility dynamics.