Analyzing Dynamic Capabilities in Knowledge-Based Companies in Oil and Gas Refining Industry (with a Multi-Method Approach)

Dynamic capabilities refer to an organization’s capacity to purposefully create, expand, or change its resource base. In all the countries of the world, the oil and gas industry of each country plays an important role in its economy and growth, and we are in an era where rapid global changes and technological innovations occur, and oil and gas companies are not affected by these changes. They are not an effect. The purpose of this research is to identify dynamic capabilities in knowledge-based companies in the oil and gas industry. This research is qualitative and fundamental with a systematic method and thematic analysis. In the systematic method, to identify and extract the articles, the systematic search only includes two internal databases; Academic and foreign jihad information science database including; Scapos (Elsevier) and Institute of Information Sciences Scientific Network (Thomson Reuters) has been limited. To measure the validity of the research, the CASP standard checklist was used, and in order to measure the reliability of the research, the Cohen’s kappa index was used in the SPSS software, which was confirmed. By examining the available articles, the components of the capabilities of knowledge-based companies in three or four dimensions; Discovery ability, leadership, digital transformation, external social capital were identified. In the theme analysis section; The statistical population of the research consists of fifteen CEOs of knowledge-based companies active in the oil and gas industry, who were selected by a judgmental method. After selecting the participants, the research questions were answered through semi-structured interviews. After reviewing and analyzing the obtained interviews, 348 descriptive codes were obtained, of which 44 primary themes, 14 organizing themes and 4 comprehensive themes were obtained. By examining and analyzing the theme; Human dimensions of dynamic capability, business strategic stability, innovation capability and knowledge management form the organizing themes of dynamic capabilities. Finally, by combining the findings of the systematic review and thematic analysis, the capabilities identified in the three main dimensions; Feeling, abduction and return took place. The identified capabilities can become a basis for effective planning of oil and gas industry companies and create a sustainable competitive advantage.