A Systematic Review and Co-word Analysis on “Collaboration in innovation” Related Concepts and Issues

Innovation as a factor of survival and progress requires interaction and participation due to the high risk, cost, and distribution of knowledge and required capabilities among different actors. Regarding the nature and way of interaction of organizations in the field of innovation, various concepts have been formed during the last century, each of which has different approaches, functions, and purposes. Considering the distinct importance of these concepts and terms for researchers, policymakers, and those involved in the field of innovation, this article, with a systematic review and co-word analysis, examines the evolution of concepts related to this topic and the concepts and terms that have been formed and developed about this concept found, identifies their differences in terms of approach, nature, function, and focus. Based on this research, the three elements of systemic view, geographic proximity, and networking can be considered as the main pillars of the formation of these concepts, although the degree of tendency towards these three elements is different in different concepts of collaborative innovation. In addition, based on these elements, concepts can be classified into three categories: systemic view, spatial view, and network view. Moving from basic concepts and issues such as resilience and sustainability implies the conceptual development of collaborative innovation and capability for measuring the maturity level of the desire to participate in innovation