criticism of the orality of the Qur'an by application of the Qur'anic proofs

Attention to the context of the revelation process has been an important topic in Qur’anic studies from the time of Islam's genesis. It can be seen through many topics like the cause of revelation (Sha'ni nūzūl), the occasion of revelation ('asbābūn nūzūl), intertextuality and etc. Orality is also one of these topics that understand the Qur'an as a drama in which the prophet and his era are in an active dialogue. As Angelika Neuwirth, one of the most important scholars who believe in this theory, has mentioned, the Qur’an should be understood as a process of dialogue on the earth instead of a sacred monologue textual book from heaven. Hence the revelation itself has also distinguished the word “book” from the word “Qur’an” in many verses which means the Qur'an introduce itself as a situationalized speech. The present study argues the morality of the Qur’an through Qur’anic evidence, namely primary names of the Islamic revelation in the first Surahs and also application of the Qur'anic challenge strategy, called Tahaddi, and finally concludes that the beloved theory contradicts the primary self-referentiality of the Qur’an which emphasize the sacredness of the Qur’an as the most important aspect and the original dimension of the Islamic revelation.