Synthesis of biology teaching methods with an emphasis on deep learning

The Aim of this research was to synthesize biology teaching methods with an emphasis on deep learning. This research was done with the mixed method of sequential exploratory design. In the qualitative part, the synthesis research method was used based on the model of Gough et al (2012) and in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The research community included articles in the field of identifying educational reforms in the field of revising biology teaching methods with an emphasis on deep learning in the years 2006 to 2021, and 67 sources were selected as samples using a targeted method. The results were coded and categorized based on the four levels of Fullan's deep learning theory, and the model was then designed. The results showed that the existing teaching methods at four levels need educational reforms; The first level of global competencies includes character development, citizenship and social belonging, creativity/imagination enhancement, critical thinking/ problem solving, collaboration enhancement, and communication enhancement; The second level is the elements of educational design and includes the use of appropriate educational methods, increasing learning participation, modifying learning environments and using digital expression and modern technologies. The third level of educational conditions includes identifying the weak points of schools and determining the problem in policy making. Finally, the fourth level of joint research includes investigating teachers' problems in implementation and evaluation. This model had the required validity. Therefore, experts are suggested to use the designed model in order to apply educational reforms in biology teaching