A review of bioparticle separation methods based on microfluidic systems
The separation of biological particles is a key step in many fields of biological research, including biotechnology, biomedicine, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Isolation of pathogenic bacteria from food, white blood cells from blood, isolation of circulating tumor cells in the early stages of cancer, etc. are examples of the application of isolation. Among the conventional methods of particle separation, we can mention adhesion, filtering, centrifugation, separation using active fluorescence and active magnetism, etc. While conventional separation methods exploit specific particle properties to achieve high-efficiency separations, with the advent of various microfluidics, less efficient methods have been devised that exploit natural principles and use different particle properties, with very high-volume evaluations. Fewer samples improved the speed and accuracy of separation. In general, passive separation methods are based on the use of several "intrinsic" particles and microfluidics, while active separation methods work by applying "external" forces (such as magnetic fields, electric fields, etc.). Among the most important properties of particles are size, density, deformation, and shape, as well as electrical, magnetic, and acoustic properties. The purpose of this article is to review the principles and common applications.
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