Yield stability Analysis of promising bread wheat genotypes under saline conditions using AMMI and GGE-Biplot analysis

This study was carried out in order to investigate the interaction effect of genotype × environment and to identify the stable genotypes of wheat in the saline areas of the country.

18 selected genotypes from wheat yield comparison experiments along with two control varieties, Narin and Barzegar, in five regions including Birjand, Kerman, Yazd, Zabul and Isfahan on bais randomized complete block design with 3 replications and during two years crop (2019-2021) was evaluated. For grain yield, combined analyses of variance were performed and stability analysis was performed using AMMI multivariate method and GGE biplot analysis in order to identify genotypes that have high yield potential, high yield stability and general compatibility.

Based on the first and second main components of AMMI stability analysis, G19, G5 and to some extent G10 genotypes with the least amount of interaction were recognized as stable genotypes. Based on GGE biplot analysis, G18 and G10 genotypes were among the superior genotypes in terms of yield and yield stability. Also, G18 and G3 genotypes were located at a short distance from the ideal genotype, respectively. This analysis divided the environments into three environmental groups and the genotypes into five genotypic groups. Yazd 1 and 2, Kerman 1 and 2, Birjand 2 and Zabul 2 were in the first group, Isfahan 1 and 2 and Birjand 1 were in the second group and Zabul 1 were in the third group. In the first group, G3, G18, G8, G9, and G10, in the second group, G1 and G2, and in the third group, G16, G17, and G7 genotypes had the highest yield. Therefore, it is possible to introduce G3, G8 and G18 genotypes in Yazd and Kerman regions and G1 and G2 genotypes in Isfahan region as genotypes with private adaptation.

Considering grain yield and yield stability, G18 (Elvira/Milan//Arg) and G3 (DH-209-1557 F3,Vee"s"/Nac//1-66-22/3/Dove"s"/Buc"s"//2*Darab) with a yield of 4.89 and 5.3 tons per hectare respectively, were selected as superior genotypes that can be introduced as new cultivars for regions with saline conditions in the country.