Design and validation of a model for the formation of low academic motivation in students

The current research was conducted with the aim of design and validation of a model for the formation of low academic motivation in students.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of the data collection method, it is mixed exploratory (qualitative-quantitative), and in terms of the research implementation method, it is of the type of foundation data (qualitative phase) and cross-sectional survey (quantitative phase).The statistical population of the study in the qualitative section included all university professors, experts and specialists up to theoretical saturation of 12 people. The statistical population of the quantitative phase of the research included teachers, administrators and educational experts and students of the second secondary level in Tehran. Available sampling method was used for sampling in the quantitative part. Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample size in this phase. By placing the parameters in the mentioned formula, the size of 385 people became the basis of the analysis. The data collection tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview in the qualitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale in the quantitative part.

Based on the findings of the research in the qualitative part, the findings from the document analysis process and the interviews were combined with each other and the process of assimilation, elimination and integration of the obtained key concepts (examples and evidence) was carried out, which resulted in the identification of 129 key concepts (index), 31 categories and and 5 dimensions (causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies and consequences). In the following, the quantitative part confirmed all the relationships of the qualitative part based on the structural equation model.

Based on the optimal fit of the designed model, this model can be used to deal with the low motivation of learners.